In these pages it is explained for what physical (but musical also) reason in the western civilization certain scales, among the so many possible combinations, have been used; because, for example, an octave is just divided in twelve semitones.
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HARMONY

ACOUSTICS

Elements of mathematics
Elements of physics
Standing waves
          Mathematical calculation
The sound
The harmonic series
Octave and fifth
The pythagorean scale
The just intonation scale
Consonances and dissonances
Second intervals in the just intonation scale
The problem of modulation
The equal tempered scale
Other equal temperaments



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